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The soil sample was taken in May 2018 at a riparian wetland of the river Tiranë and was expected to contain microplastics contamination due to a waste deposit nearby. The approach covered all steps (grain size fractionation, density separation, μ-FTIR analyses in ATR mode) but was modified to the specific needs of the sample.
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Clays and clay minerals occur under a fairly limited range of geologic conditions. The environments of formation include soil horizons, continental and marine sediments, geothermal fields, volcanic deposits, and weathering rock formations. Most clay minerals form where rocks are in contact with water, air, or steam.
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Standard procedure for dispersing natural soils for particle size fractionation can be too aggressive for soil containing coal and other organic particles from coal industries.
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Coral sand is the main filling material for the island–reef foundation. Under tidal actions, the saturation (Sr) of coral sand layers varies with the specific depths in the reclaimed foundation. Studying the Sr effect of coral sand’s mechanical behaviors is crucial for the stability of the reclaimed foundation of island–reefs. In this study, a “quantitative injection ...
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Fig. 6-b-left shows the particle size distribution of the precipitates in Stage II. The precipitates from this Stage showed a very narrow distribution with an average particle size of ∼7 µm. It was found that within the first 30 min, the particle size reduced to ∼4 µm with a much narrower size distribution and remained constant thereafter.
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Particulate organic matter (POM) is a fraction of total organic matter operationally defined as that which does not pass through a filter pore size that typically ranges in size from 0.053 to 2 millimeters. Particulate organic carbon (POC) is a closely related term often used interchangeably with POM. POC refers specifically to the mass of carbon in the particulate organic material, while POM ...
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The particle-size distribution (PSD) of a powder, or granular material, or particles dispersed in fluid, is a list of values or a mathematical function that defines the relative amount, typically by mass, of particles present according to size. Significant energy is usually required to disintegrate soil, etc. particles into the PSD that is then called a grain size distribution.
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This chapter provides standards and guidelines for describing the soil. It contains standard technical terms and their definitions for most soil properties and features and provides information for describing the necessary related facts. ... gypsum dominates the physical and chemical properties of the soil to the extent that particle-size ...
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Particle Size Distribution Technique Advantages 1) This technique is well-adapted for bulk materials. 2) It is required to produce a separated size fraction for further study. 3) The material flows easily as discrete particles. 4) The material is fairly coarse, e.g. above 100 μm, and contains few fines.
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The impact on carbon dioxide (CO 2) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions when applying hydrothermally carbonized (HTC) char to soil was investigated in a laboratory experiment with two HTC chars made from hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) dust and incubated for 131 d. Two fractions of hemp dust were collected during fiber processing (from fractionation ...
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The fractionation procedures included particle-size fractionation, density fractionation, aggregate fractionation, acid hydrolysis, different oxidation procedures, isolation of extractable lipids and phospholipid fatty acids, pyrolysis, and the determination of black C. Stability of OC was determined by 13 C and 14 C analyses.
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Standard procedure for dispersing natural soils for particle size fractionation can be too aggressive for soil containing coal and other organic particles from coal industries. We have investigated u...
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The fractionation procedures included particle-size fractionation, density fractionation, aggregate fractionation, acid hydrolysis, different oxidation procedures, isolation of extractable lipids and phospholipid fatty acids, pyrolysis, and the determination of black C. Stability of OC was determined by 13 C and 14 C analyses. The main inputs ...
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A large amount of excavated soils with low-level As contamination caused by civil construction projects is of great concern in Japan. This study investigated the chemical speciation and extractability of As in 24 soil samples from the sites affected and unaffected (naturally contaminated) by anthropogenic pollution. The results of As K-edge XANES demonstrated that naturally contaminated soils ...
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The results of As K-edge XANES demonstrated that naturally contaminated soils were grouped into two types: (i) soils containing FeAsS-like and As 2 S 3 -like species (ave. 53%, hereafter As-S species) and (ii) soils with no or minor As-S species (ave. 3%). Clear differences were found in As, Fe, and S fractionations by sequential extraction.
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Working as an engineer in the upcoming decades, you will have the chance to play a critical role in making the world a better place. In fact, students at Michigan Tech are getting a head start—by helping to facilitate sustainable development, appropriate technology, beneficial infrastructure, and social change—while they are still in school.
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The application of F-EFBB to Cd and Pb-contaminated soil can immobilize the heavy metals more than that of C-EFBB. Therefore, the EFBB can be recommended for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils, and a finer particle size can be applied at a lower application rate than the coarser biochar to achieve these goals.
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Particle size fractionation of soil containing coal and combusted particles M. Schmidt, C. Rumpel, I. Kögel‐Knabner Geology 1999 Standard procedure for dispersing natural soils for particle size fractionation can be too aggressive for soil containing coal and other organic particles from coal industries. We have investigated. 59 PDF
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1. Introduction. Metal and metalloid contamination of soil and sediment is a widespread problem throughout the United States, both in urban and rural areas. [] Lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), and nickel (Ni) are the most commonly found metals and metalloids at contaminated sites. [] Other less common metals found at the contaminated ...
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Updated on March 02, 2019. A ternary diagram is used to translate a sediment's proportion of the three different classes of grain size—sand, silt, and clay—into a soil description. To the geologist, sand is material with grain sizes between 2 millimeters and 1/16th millimeter; silt is 1/16th to 1/256th millimeter; clay is everything smaller ...
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An array of parallel planar nanochannels containing two or three segments with varying inner heights was fabricated and used for size fractionation of inorganic and biological nanoparticles. A liquid suspension of the particles was simply drawn through the nanochannels via capillary action. ... After initial particle trapping at the segment ...
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poultry litter and its coarse fraction having particle size greater than 0.85 mm) and 8 other treatments that were combinations of three factors: type (raw poultry litter or its coarse fraction), heating rate (30 or 10 °C/min), and pyrolysis temperature (300 or 500 °C). After the screening process, the poultry litter samples were dried and pyro-
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content. Poultry litter contains 23% or more ash, 62% volatile matter, 0.9% sulfur, and 4.5% nitrogen.5 Poultry litter has a higher percentage of its combustibles in the form of volatile matter than coal. High levels of ash present in poultry litter decrease the combustion flame temperature and heating value.1 A study showed that
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Dried fly ash samples were screened to separate fractions containing particle sizes of <0.075 mm and 0.075-0.25 mm, with 20 g of each particle size fraction placed in a jar (two parallel samples prepared in triplicate) and mixed with 100 ml of ultrapure water.
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Day PR (1965) Particle fractionation and particle size analysis. In 'Methods of soil analysis. Part 1. Physical and mineralogical methods, including statistics of measurement and sampling'. Agronomy Monograph No. 9. (Eds CA Black, DD Evans, JL White, LE Ensminger, FE Clark) pp. 545-567. (American Society of Agronomy: Madison, WI)
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Anthropogenic activities related to 100 years of industrialization in the metropolitan Detroit area have significantly enriched the bed sediment of the lower reaches of the Rouge River in Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn. These enriched elements, which may represent a threat to biota, are predominantly present in sequentially extracted reducible and oxidizable chemical phases with small ...
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Particle size indicates how small (or big) a particle is. The unit is usually mm, μm or nm. The particle diameter is the most common parameter usually used to describe particle size. Particle size distribution is characterized as a percentage of the number of particles in a specific size range compared to the total number of the particles.
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The ultrasonic dispersion and particle size fractionation procedure can be applied to soils containing coal and combusted particles, but caution is needed in interpreting the results if they contain large proportions of coal particles. Introduction pretreatment and dispersion procedures applied in standard texture analysis is poorly understood.
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Coral sand is the main filling material for the island-reef foundation. Under tidal actions, the saturation (Sr) of coral sand layers varies with the specific depths in the reclaimed foundation. Studying the Sr effect of coral sand's mechanical behaviors is crucial for the stability of the reclaimed foundation of island-reefs. In this study, a "quantitative injection ...
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In case of Elgabalelasfar soil, the main U - fractions were 57.42% as residual form (relatively higher residual-U form in the clayey soil) 16.10 % organically bound, 13.78% Mn and Fe oxides bound, 7.22 % Carbonate form, 5.23 % exchangeable fractions and 0.25 % water soluble fractions The application of 200
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The fractionation of soils and sediments into various size classes can also be useful for the correlation of texture with pollutant concentration. Particle size determination is additionally a useful and sometimes necessary prerequisite to septic tank installation. Sieve and Pipette Method
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the results presented in table 3 indicated that magnetic susceptibility for < 28, 75-150, and 150-300 µm fractions had positive significant correlations with zn content ( p < 0.01), while wang et al. ( 2012) in surface soils of xuzhou in china reported positive correlations between χ lf and zn content in fractions of < 28, 28-75, 75-150, and .
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Bulk soil and particle size fractions were analyzed for elemental composition, magnetic susceptibility, and chemical structure of the organic matter by 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The lignite content of the samples was estimated by 14C activity measurements.
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Coal seam water injection technology involves the injection of high-pressure water into the fracture-pore structure of coal bodies. This process increases the coal seam moisture content (wetting the coal body), inhibits the generation of coal dust from the source, and reduces the dust diffusion range (Yevhen et al. 2014; Liu et al. 2018; Hirmand et al. 2015; Vahab et al. 2021; Ahamed et al ...
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A hazardous particulate size less than 5 microns. Particle sizes of 2.5 micron (PM 2.5) are often used in USA. The total allowable particle concentration - building materials, combustion products, mineral fibers and synthetic fibers (particles less than 10 μm) - specified by EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
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We can do the fractionation of SOM based on different methods in soil e.g. acid-base (chemical), particle-size and density (physical) fractionation. However I am looking for some other methods, if ...
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Size fractions Measure particle size distributions Measure Physico-chemical properties CEC, SA, etc Characterize mineralogy Mass Fraction, x ij, of Heterogeneous Size class and Lithocomponents Sediment Grain Size Classes Lithocomponents Mass Fraction of Lithocomponents Grain Sub-classes x 1,1 x 2,1 x 3,1 x 4,1 x 5,1 Sieving x 1,2 x 2,2 x 3,2 x ...
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Standard procedure for dispersing natural soils for particle size fractionation can be too aggressive for soil containing coal and other organic particles from coal industries. We have investigated ultrasonic dispersion for the latter in four soils differing in pedogenesis (Phaeozem, Podzol, reclaimed mine soils), carbon content (27.5-138.6 g kg-1), clay content (80-153 g kg-1) and ...
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the solution and from these data the percentage of total organic C was calculated. d Results obtained by standard particle size analysis as described in Materials and methods. Particle size fractionation of soil containing coal and combusted particles 517 # 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, European Journal of Soil Science, 50, 515-522
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Across the entire time course, significantly greater total yields of methane (p < 0.0001, Student' s t test) were generated from the group containing 0.3-g coal and 0.5-g soil (either covering soil or surrounding soil) than from the first group containing 0.3-g coal alone or the second group containing 0.5-g coal alone (Fig. 2). There was no ...
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